Ovarian factor and female fertility: main problems encountered in assisted reproduction
In this article, we continue to explore the causes of female infertility that may make it difficult to conceive. Today, we focus on the ovarian factor and female fertility, which refers to infertility caused by poor ovarian function.
Infertility is defined as the inability to achieve a successful pregnancy after one year of regular unprotected intercourse. There are many potential causes: intercourse-related issues, vaginal or cervical factors, tubal blockages, male factor infertility… and sometimes, the cause remains unexplained.
Among all causes, ovarian factor and female fertility issues are some of the most common. To understand them better, we need to know how the ovaries work and what may interfere with their function.
How Do the Ovaries Work?
Ovarian function is regulated by the hypothalamus and pituitary gland in the brain, which release gonadotropins—hormones that control the ovaries. These hormones trigger the ovarian cycle, recruiting and maturing one egg (typically), which is ovulated around day 14 of a 28-day cycle.
The ovaries also produce estradiol and progesterone throughout the menstrual cycle to prepare the endometrium for possible embryo implantation.
Common Problems Affecting Ovarian Function
Several conditions can negatively impact ovarian factor and female fertility:
Chronic anovulation (lack of ovulation) is a major issue, commonly linked to polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
Endocrine disorders like Kallmann syndrome, hyperthyroidism, or Cushing’s syndrome can also disrupt ovarian function.
Stress and drastic weight changes may cause temporary anovulation, which, if prolonged, can result in infertility.
Primary ovarian insufficiency, as seen in conditions like Turner syndrome, leads to little or no ovarian tissue and no ovulation.
Premature ovarian failure or early menopause (before age 40) results in a depleted egg reserve.
Endometriosis is another factor. It alters pelvic anatomy and often affects egg quality.
What Solutions Exist for Ovarian Factor Infertility?
Fortunately, many treatment options exist to address ovarian factor and female fertility problems.
First-line treatments focus on hormonal stimulation and ovulation control—either naturally or through assisted reproductive techniques—along with managing underlying health issues like PCOS, thyroid disorders, or diabetes.
Second-line treatments involve egg donation and IVF. This is the best solution when a woman has poor ovarian reserve, as seen in menopause or premature ovarian failure. It’s also used when repeated IVF attempts have failed due to poor egg quality or to prevent genetic transmission of disorders.
Have You Been Trying for Over a Year Without Success?
If you’ve been trying to conceive for over a year without results, the ovarian factor and female fertility could be the cause. Don’t wait—book an appointment with our fertility specialists today!