Frequently asked questions about fertility and assisted reproduction (XIII)

As you know, this section stems from our participation in the La Opinión de Málaga online chat. Through this collaboration, Dr. Álvarez, Medical Director of URE Centro Gutenberg, answers live questions from future mothers and fathers regarding fertility and assisted reproduction.

The final chat of the year did not disappoint. As always, participation was excellent. Now it’s time to recap the most important questions that were covered and bring them to the blog so you can read them anytime. Below, we share the questions and Dr. Álvarez’s answers:

I just turned 45, I have a six-year-old child, and I would like to have another. I’ve been trying for over a year with no success. My periods are regular. What are my chances?

A woman’s age is the most important prognostic factor in fertility. After the age of 45, the chances of achieving a natural or IVF pregnancy with your own eggs are very low: less than 1%. The risk of miscarriage is also over 40%. The best option is IVF with donor eggs, which significantly improves the prognosis.

I’m 38 and had three children with my ex-husband. I’ve had four miscarriages with my current partner (31 years old). All tests are normal. What’s our diagnosis?

This is considered recurrent miscarriage, a condition that requires a complete evaluation of both partners. The prognosis is generally good, but it demands patience and teamwork.

Can I choose my baby’s sex through assisted reproduction?

With preimplantation genetic testing, the sex of the embryo can be known. However, Spanish law prohibits sex selection unless it’s to avoid sex-linked diseases.

What are the chances of getting pregnant through IUI with low AMH levels?

Generally, the pregnancy rate for IUI in women under 38 is about 10–20% per cycle. Low AMH can reduce the prognosis, but age remains the key factor.

What’s the best treatment with low AMH— IUI or IVF?

For women over 37, IVF is usually the most recommended option.

Can diseases be avoided before pregnancy?

With preimplantation genetic testing, we can reduce the risk of passing on single-gene disorders (like cystic fibrosis) or chromosomal abnormalities. A healthy lifestyle also improves pregnancy outcomes.

Can couples have healthy children if one partner is HIV positive?

If the man is HIV positive, IVF with sperm washing is an option to reduce the risk of transmission. For HIV-positive women, medications during pregnancy drastically reduce transmission to the baby.

Can I travel after IVF treatment?

Aside from basic precautions, travel after IVF is generally safe.

I’m 36 and have polycystic ovaries. What tests do I need before trying to conceive?

You’ll need a complete medical evaluation to assess weight, habits, and check for conditions like insulin resistance or hyperandrogenism.

I’ve had endometriosis since I was 20 and have had surgery twice. Can I still get pregnant?

It depends on various factors such as ovarian reserve, age, male factor, and how long you’ve been trying.

What’s the ideal frequency of intercourse to get pregnant?

Ideally, have intercourse at least 2–3 times a week. Less frequent sex is associated with lower chances of conception. If you haven’t conceived in a year, consult a fertility specialist.

Is an HSG test required for IUI?

It is generally recommended for any woman undergoing IUI, though there are exceptions for women without partners or prior risk factors.

What symptoms might I have between embryo transfer and the pregnancy test?

You may experience no symptoms or various mild ones. These don’t indicate whether or not you’re pregnant. Medications can cause many of them.

Do any of these questions reflect your own doubts? Remember, all previous editions of our fertility and assisted reproduction FAQs are available on our blog. Check them out to get answers to more of your concerns!